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The new App Store Connect API was announced during WWDC 2018 and makes it possible to write applications for App Store Connect. It includes endpoints for the following areas:
- TestFlight. Manage beta builds of your app, testers, and groups.Paw | A native macOS app to Test & Document REST APIsIf you're developing a mobile app, there’s a good chance that you've had to deal with web APIs. Paw HTTP Client is a powerful tool to explore new APIs, share endpoint definitions (Swagger, RAML, API Blueprint) and generate ready-to-go code (Swift, ObjC, JS, and more)…
- Users and Access. Send invitations for users to join your team. Adjust their level of access or remove users.
- Reporting. Download sales and financial reports.
Paw Mac App Store Settings
This is a great opportunity to create useful apps with the community, which can eventually replace App Store Connect for common tasks.
At the moment of writing, I couldn’t find an SDK for this new API. Therefore, I’ve started one myself with an option for the open source community to help me and write one ourselves:
Give yourself a kickstart
The WWDC Talk Automating App Store Connect is a great way to get you started. Together with the official API documentation of Apple, you should be up and running to start working with the API.
Authentication
Paw Mac App Store App
The API is authorized via JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and requires a personal API Key to generate bearer tokens from your organization’s App Store Connect account. Amazon alexa app for pc.
Requesting a personal API Key
The documentation from Apple is up to date on how to request a key, but the Keys page in App Store Connect requires a request for access before you can play around.
Organizations are the first to get access, followed by individuals. As of today, you can only wait and prepare until you can play around with the API.
What can I create with the API?
The API includes endpoints for Users and Access, TestFlight, and Reporting. This, at first sight, seems to be less than it really is as the API gives you access to manage a lot.
Here’s a list to give you an idea what you can do with the API.
Build a TestFlight manager
Create an iOS or Mac app to manage TestFlight users. You can:
- List all test groups and users
- Add or remove users
- Requests to send or resend an email inviting a beta tester to test an app.
- Submit uploaded builds for review.
- Assign an individual build to testers.
- Add a build to a beta group for testing.
Fastlane Boarding for TestFlight
This could replace the often used Fastlane Boarding and provides an easy way to gain new testers with an iPad laying around near the entrance of your office.
Build an app for your Growth team
With the Reports section of the API your able to create a simple app which downloads the latest reports for a specific app. This allows your growth team to easily gain insights into sales summaries, sales events and more.
![App App](/uploads/1/3/4/2/134201433/773485434.png)
App Store Connect users manager
Probably less useful as you’re not adding users on a daily basis, but the API allows you to manage App Store Connect users by adding or removing them or by modifying their level of access.
Can I submit an app to the App Store using this API?
Unfortunately not. Apple states clearly before requesting access to the API:
The App Store Connect API is for internal development, testing, and reporting purposes within your team only, and lets you automate key parts of your own internal workflow
What you can do is providing an Application in which the user has to configure an API key himself. In that way, the API will be used internally only by the user, but it’s not sure whether Apple will accept a certain application in the App Store.
Paw | A native macOS app to Test & Document REST APIsIf you're developing a mobile app, there’s a good chance that you've had to deal with web APIs. Paw HTTP Client is a powerful tool to explore new APIs, share endpoint definitions (Swagger, RAML, API Blueprint) and generate ready-to-go code (Swift, ObjC, JS, and more)…
Is there a Swift SDK which I can use?
At the moment of writing, I couldn’t find an SDK for this new API. Therefore, I’ve started one myself with an option for the open source community to help me and write one ourselves:
Paw Mac App Store Free
So, you’ve decided to download an older version of Mac OS X. There are many reasons that could point you to this radical decision. To begin with, some of your apps may not be working properly (or simply crash) on newer operating systems. Also, you may have noticed your Mac’s performance went down right after the last update. Finally, if you want to run a parallel copy of Mac OS X on a virtual machine, you too will need a working installation file of an older Mac OS X. Further down we’ll explain where to get one and what problems you may face down the road.
A list of all Mac OS X versions
We’ll be repeatedly referring to these Apple OS versions below, so it’s good to know the basic macOS timeline.
Cheetah 10.0 | Puma 10.1 | Jaguar 10.2 |
Panther 10.3 | Tiger 10.4 | Leopard 10.5 |
Snow Leopard 10.6 | Lion 10.7 | Mountain Lion 10.8 |
Mavericks 10.9 | Yosemite 10.10 | El Capitan 10.11 |
Sierra 10.12 | High Sierra 10.13 | Mojave 10.14 |
Catalina 10.15 |
STEP 1. Prepare your Mac for installation
Given your Mac isn’t new and is filled with data, you will probably need enough free space on your Mac. This includes not just space for the OS itself but also space for other applications and your user data. One more argument is that the free space on your disk translates into virtual memory so your apps have “fuel” to operate on. The chart below tells you how much free space is needed.
Note, that it is recommended that you install OS on a clean drive. Next, you will need enough disk space available, for example, to create Recovery Partition. Here are some ideas to free up space on your drive:
- Uninstall large unused apps
- Empty Trash Bin and Downloads
- Locate the biggest files on your computer:
Go to Finder > All My Files > Arrange by size
Then you can move your space hoggers onto an external drive or a cloud storage.
If you aren’t comfortable with cleaning the Mac manually, there are some nice automatic “room cleaners”. Our favorite is CleanMyMac as it’s most simple to use of all. It deletes system junk, old broken apps, and the rest of hidden junk on your drive. https://ifqoua.weebly.com/blog/cam-apps-for-mac.
Then you can move your space hoggers onto an external drive or a cloud storage.
If you aren’t comfortable with cleaning the Mac manually, there are some nice automatic “room cleaners”. Our favorite is CleanMyMac as it’s most simple to use of all. It deletes system junk, old broken apps, and the rest of hidden junk on your drive. https://ifqoua.weebly.com/blog/cam-apps-for-mac.
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.4 - 10.8 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.9 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.10 - 10.14 (free version)
STEP 2. Get a copy of Mac OS X download
![Paw Paw](/uploads/1/3/4/2/134201433/109929970.jpg)
Normally, it is assumed that updating OS is a one-way road. That’s why going back to a past Apple OS version is problematic. The main challenge is to download the OS installation file itself, because your Mac may already be running a newer version. If you succeed in downloading the OS installation, your next step is to create a bootable USB or DVD and then reinstall the OS on your computer.
How to download older Mac OS X versions via the App Store
If you once had purchased an old version of Mac OS X from the App Store, open it and go to the Purchased tab. There you’ll find all the installers you can download. However, it doesn’t always work that way. The purchased section lists only those operating systems that you had downloaded in the past. But here is the path to check it:
- Click the App Store icon.
- Click Purchases in the top menu.
- Scroll down to find the preferred OS X version.
- Click Download.
This method allows you to download Mavericks and Yosemite by logging with your Apple ID — only if you previously downloaded them from the Mac App Store.
Without App Store: Download Mac OS version as Apple Developer
If you are signed with an Apple Developer account, you can get access to products that are no longer listed on the App Store. If you desperately need a lower OS X version build, consider creating a new Developer account among other options. The membership cost is $99/year and provides a bunch of perks unavailable to ordinary users.
Nevertheless, keep in mind that if you visit developer.apple.com/downloads, you can only find 10.3-10.6 OS X operating systems there. Newer versions are not available because starting Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.7, the App Store has become the only source of updating Apple OS versions.
Purchase an older version of Mac operating system
You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD.
Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6
Get an email copy of Lion 10.7
Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8
Get an email copy of Lion 10.7
Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8
The email edition comes with a special download code you can use for the Mac App Store. Note, that to install the Lion or Mountain Lion, your Mac needs to be running Snow Leopard so you can install the newer OS on top of it.
How to get macOS El Capitan download
If you are wondering if you can run El Capitan on an older Mac, rejoice as it’s possible too. But before your Mac can run El Capitan it has to be updated to OS X 10.6.8. So, here are main steps you should take:
1. Install Snow Leopard from install DVD.
2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update.
3. Download El Capitan here.
2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update.
3. Download El Capitan here.
“I can’t download an old version of Mac OS X”
If you have a newer Mac, there is no physical option to install Mac OS versions older than your current Mac model. For instance, if your MacBook was released in 2014, don’t expect it to run any OS released prior of that time, because older Apple OS versions simply do not include hardware drivers for your Mac.
But as it often happens, workarounds are possible. There is still a chance to download the installation file if you have an access to a Mac (or virtual machine) running that operating system. For example, to get an installer for Lion, you may ask a friend who has Lion-operated Mac or, once again, set up a virtual machine running Lion. Then you will need to prepare an external drive to download the installation file using OS X Utilities.
After you’ve completed the download, the installer should launch automatically, but you can click Cancel and copy the file you need. Below is the detailed instruction how to do it.
STEP 3. Install older OS X onto an external drive
The following method allows you to download Mac OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, and Mavericks.
- Start your Mac holding down Command + R.
- Prepare a clean external drive (at least 10 GB of storage).
- Within OS X Utilities, choose Reinstall OS X.
- Select external drive as a source.
- Enter your Apple ID.
Now the OS should start downloading automatically onto the external drive. After the download is complete, your Mac will prompt you to do a restart, but at this point, you should completely shut it down. Now that the installation file is “captured” onto your external drive, you can reinstall the OS, this time running the file on your Mac.
- Boot your Mac from your standard drive.
- Connect the external drive.
- Go to external drive > OS X Install Data.
Locate InstallESD.dmg disk image file — this is the file you need to reinstall Lion OS X. The same steps are valid for Mountain Lion and Mavericks.
How to downgrade a Mac running later macOS versions
If your Mac runs macOS Sierra 10.12 or macOS High Sierra 10.13, it is possible to revert it to the previous system if you are not satisfied with the experience. You can do it either with Time Machine or by creating a bootable USB or external drive.
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Sierra
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Sierra
Instruction to downgrade from macOS High Sierra
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Mojave
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Catalina
Before you do it, the best advice is to back your Mac up so your most important files stay intact. In addition to that, it makes sense to clean up your Mac from old system junk files and application leftovers. The easiest way to do it is to run CleanMyMac X on your machine (download it for free here).
Visit your local Apple Store to download older OS X version
If none of the options to get older OS X worked, pay a visit to nearest local Apple Store. They should have image installations going back to OS Leopard and earlier. You can also ask their assistance to create a bootable USB drive with the installation file. So here you are. We hope this article has helped you to download an old version of Mac OS X. Below are a few more links you may find interesting.